Search results for "SocArXiv|Arts and Humanities|Art and Design"
showing 10 items of 1667 documents
The effects of rationing home-help services in Spain and Sweden: a comparative analysis
1999
In both Spain and Sweden the most important public support for older people that is provided in their own homes are home-help services. In Sweden, these programmes were expanded in years of economic growth but recently have radically declined. Spain still strives to expand them in spite of financial problems. Both countries ration these services but in different ways. Spain provides relatively few hours of help with household tasks, primarily to poor old people. At present, one to two per cent of the 65-plus population is covered. Local government is still trying to reach more people to relieve pressure on limited institutional care. Sweden continues to cut down the service from the present…
Improving problem solving and creativity through use of complex-dynamic simulations
2002
This article presents an instructional method to improve problem solving and creativity by employing computer-based simulations. The instructional method described is based upon empirical research conducted by the authors. The simulation presents contextually meaningful problem situations that require learners to analyze and prepare solution proposal(s). Following the learner input, the simulation assesses the proposal and offers back to the learners the consequences of their decisions while also iteratively updating the situational conditions. This type of simulation, unlike conventional simulations that are used for acquisition of knowledge, is complex-dynamic, requiring the learner to fu…
From service quality in organisations to self-determination at home
2015
Background In our proposed model, family members' perceptions of service quality in organisations improve communication about self-determination. In turn, family perceptions of communication openness have a positive relationship with self-determination attitudes of family members. Finally, these attitudes predict self-determination behaviours of individuals with intellectual disability, as reported by family members. Method We tested this model with a sample of 625 family members (196 using ‘day care services’ and 429 using ‘occupational services’). Results Multi-sample structural equation modelling (SEM) supported the model. Communication and attitudes fully mediated the link from service …
METHOD FOR DETECTING A SONIC IMPRINT OF A THREE-DIMENSIONAL OBJECT AND RELATED APPARATUS
2013
Non invasive method used to detect a “sonic imprint” of three-dimensional objects, particularly suitable for the identification and monitoring of artworks, consisting in acquiring the vibrations caused by a source of elastic waves and using a set of detectors fixed in various predetermined points of the external surface of the object. An apparatus, cheap and simple to utilize, suitable to execute this method, is also described.
A study of temporal estimation from the perspective of the Mental Clock Model.
2009
M. Cardaci's (2000) Mental Clock Model maintains that a task requiring a low mental workload is associated with an acceleration of perceived time, whereas a task requiring a high mental workload is associated with a deceleration. The authors examined the predictions of this model in a musical listening condition in which musical pieces were audible in several structural complexities. To measure the effects of musical complexity on time estimation, the authors used retrospective and prospective time-estimation paradigms. For the retrospective paradigm, the authors invited participants to listen to a musical piece and then estimate its duration. For the prospective paradigm, the authors invit…
Three Effective Ways to Nurture Our Brain
2017
Abstract. A growing body of research suggests that physical activity, healthy eating, and music can, either directly or indirectly, have positive effects on our brain and cognition. More specifically, exercising and eating seem to enhance cognitive abilities, such as memory, creativity, and perception. They also improve academic performance and play a protective role from many degenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. Concerning music, research has shown that there exists a general positive relation between music aptitude and cognitive functioning. Furthermore, the presence of music seems to create a positive mood and a higher arousal, which translates into better performance i…
The Italian version of the Thinking About Life Experiences Questionnaire and its relationship with gender, age, and life events on Facebook
2020
The present study provided a cross-cultural validation of the Thinking About Life Experiences Scale-revised (TALE-R) in an Italian sample of Facebook users (n = 492; female = 378; male = 114; mean age 26.1) to test for replication and universality of the TALE-R three-factor model. Furthermore, it explored the interrelations among gender, age, the scores at the TALE-R and the frequency of posting textual/visual information about individuals' life events on Facebook. Results at exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis gave empirical support to both of a tripartite model for the functions of autobiographical memory (i.e., directive-behavior, social-bonding, and self-continuity) and measure…
Development and Maintenance of Self-Disclosure on Facebook: The Role of Personality Traits
2019
This study explored the relationships between Facebook self-disclosure and personality traits in a sample of Italian users. The aim was to analyze the predictive role of Big Five personality traits on different parameters of breadth and depth of self-disclosed behaviors online. Facebook users, aged between 18 and 64 years of age ( M age = 25.3 years, SD = 6.8; N = 958), of which 51% were female, voluntarily completed an online survey assessing personality traits and Facebook self-disclosure. Results at a series of hierarchical regression analyses significantly corroborated the hypotheses that high extroverted and openness people tend to disclose on Facebook a significant amount of personal …
Towards a unified process model for graphemic buffer disorder and deep dysgraphia
2006
Models based on the competitive queuing (CQ) approach can explain many of the effects on dysgraphic patients’ spelling attributed to disruption of the “graphemic output buffer”. Situating such a model in the wider spelling system, however, raises the question of what happens when input to the buffer (e.g., from a semantic system) is degraded while the buffer remains intact. We present a preliminary exploration of predictions following from the CQ approach. We show that the CQ account of the graphemic buffer predicts and explains the finding that deep dysgraphic patients generally show features of graphemic buffer disorder, as disrupted input from a damaged semantic system has an inevitable …
Declines in Sexual Activity and Function Predict Incident Health Problems in Older Adults: Prospective Findings from the English Longitudinal Study o…
2020
The objective of this study was to investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between declines in sexual activity and function and health outcomes in a large population-based sample of older adults. Data were from 2577 men and 3195 women aged ≥ 50 years participating in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Past-year changes in sexual desire, frequency of sexual activity, and ability to have an erection (men)/become sexually aroused (women) were assessed at baseline by self-completion questionnaire. Health outcomes (self-rated health, limiting long-standing illness, doctor-diagnosed diseases of the vascular system, and cancer) were self-reported at baseline (2012/2013) an…